Burrell: 'I hoped to continue playing'
Warning: This article includes descriptions of discriminatory language and behaviour
Ex-England centre Luther Burrell claims that speaking out to expose racial discrimination in rugby union led his professional journey to an premature conclusion.
In a June 2022, Burrell described racism as being "rife" in the sport, showing digital communications and remembering training ground "comments" he had been subject to while representing Newcastle.
Then 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only professional rugby since has been a handful of games with guest team the Barbarians.
"I've have absolutely had to end my career because of what occurred," he told media outlets.
"I really wanted to continue playing, naturally I did. I pursued that, and it collapsed when word came out that there were inquiries going on.
"This situation was challenging - I had to just accept the outcome and accept that this whole process is a lot bigger than me."
A sports organization report in April 2023 found Burrell's claims were true "on the balance of probability", but stated it could not gather sufficient proof to definitively say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's Six Nations games in 2014-15, but was surprisingly overlooked for their squad for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell revealed to media he also encountered discrimination within the England team environment, during a Test career that saw him earn 15 caps after his first game in 2014.
"I've had several distressing experiences within England camp," he said.
"Certain instances of discrimination and some just old-school mentality that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become accepted in team environments, in Burrell's experience.
"It's something that has been disguised as humour and that's been the issue that I've myself suffered and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"Over a period of time you just begin to think that it's the standard and that is acceptable and that it's not harmful, but that's incorrect."
Burrell explains he was eventually motivated to speak out after a team-mate at Newcastle called him as a "enslaved person" and told him to put sunscreen on his arms and legs "where your shackles were."
The governing body said Burrell's revelations had led to "increased scrutiny at the environment within the elite game and to the implementation of an action plan for the elite level."
"We has placed considerable attention on inclusion and diversity in the sport and a great deal of work completed both before and since Luther Burrell came forward and revealed his encounters of racism and class discrimination," it continued.
"We are continuing work with clubs and stakeholders in the professional game to work for a culture of acceptance but acknowledge this requires patience and is an ongoing process."
Every Prem and women's rugby club now has in-person training on creating inclusive environments, with its success monitored via individual reports and surveys.
All England players, including age-grade squads, are educated in being "active bystanders" to step in and defend others from damaging conduct.
"You should be so pleased of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the documentary Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"I know it has had this effect on you and ended your career, but in our eyes, you have done so well. We are so proud of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's father Geoff died soon after the production of the film, and his sister died earlier this year.
Burrell, who grew up on a council estate in Huddersfield, maintains his work to make the game more accessible.
His 12 Foundation works to connect with young people in disadvantaged communities and support them thrive both on the pitch with free sports training, mentoring and nutrition education.
"My personal motivations are genuine, I want to see the evolution of the game and if others is willing to tell their experience then I'll persist to advocate for that cause because I'm not just pursuing this for myself," he explained.
"We have an responsibility to make the sport as excellent as it can be and the longer I talk about it hopefully the more confident fellow players will feel about sharing their own experiences as well.
"I need to take the bull by the opportunity and continue carrying this banner and keep supporting this responsibility and do what I can to create opportunities and make the game more appealing and more inclusive.
"There are a lot of disadvantaged children and a lot of poverty and I sincerely believe that rugby has the potential to change their futures, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a return to previous team Northampton in late 2022